Case Files™

Teaching Cases




Author Team

Eugene C. Toy, MD
Editor in Chief

Eugene C. Toy, MD
Professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences
Assistant Dean for Educational Programs,
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas

Dr. Eugene Toy, author of the successful Case Files book series, is responsible for bringing this product to life. In his role as Editor in Chief, Dr. Toy played a central role in shaping both the case content and the overall digital user experience. He also identified and recruited the case authors and reviewers. As a result, our author and reviewer team is comprised of exceptional educators, clinicians and writers.
Allison L. Toy, BSN, RN

Assistant Editor


Allison L. Toy, BSN, RN
Medical and scientific writer
Waco, Texas
  • Gabriel M. Aisenberg, MD
    Associate Professor of Medicine
    Department of Internal Medicine
    Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Salman A. Arain, MD, FACC, FSCAI
    Associate Professor of Medicine
    Department of Cardiology
    McGovern School of Medicine
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • J. Elias Collado, MD
    Former Fellow in Cardiology
    Cleveland Clinic Medical Center
    Cleveland, Ohio
  • Barbara J. Deal, MD
    Professor Emerita of Pediatrics
    Feinberg School of Medicine
    Northwestern University
    Chicago, Illinois
  • Michael D. Faulx, MD
    Assistant Professor of Medicine
    Case Western Reserve University/
    Lerner College of Medicine
    Associate Program Director of
    Internal Medicine Residency
    Staff Cardiologist, Heart and Vascular Institute
    Cleveland Clinic
    Cleveland, Ohio
  • Amalia Guardiola, MD
    Director
    Pediatric Medical Student Education
    Division of Community and General Pediatrics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Mitchell R. Humphreys, MD
    Chair and Professor
    Department of Urology
    Dean
    Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development
    Endourology Fellowship Director
    Mayo Clinic in Arizona
    Phoenix, Arizona
  • Tony N. Marion, PhD
    Professor
    Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry
    University of Tennessee Health Science Center
    Memphis, Tennessee
  • Elizabeth Nugent, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
    Division of Gynecologic Oncology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Joshua Samuels, MD, MPH
    Professor of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine
    Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension
    Children’s Memorial Hermann Hospital
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Katerina Shvartsman, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    Uniformed Services University
    Bethesda, Maryland
  • Nancy Simon, MD, MPH
    Clinical Associate Professor
    General Internal Medicine
    University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington
  • Julia Timofeev, MD, FACOG
    Assistant Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
    Maternal Fetal Medicine
    Sibley Memorial Hospital
    Johns Hopkins Medicine
    Washington, DC
  • Kanta Velamuri, MD, MEd
    Associate Professor of Medicine
    Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Section
    Department of Medicine
    Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center
    Baylor College of Medicine
    Houston, Texas
  • Allireza Alloo, MD
    Assistant Professor of Dermatology
    Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
    Northwell Health
    Lake Success, New York
  • Erin Bishop, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    Medical College of Wisconsin
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin
  • Shinjita Das, MD
    Instructor
    Harvard Medical School
    Department of Dermatology
    Massachusetts General Hospital
    Boston, Massachusetts
  • Rita W. Driggers, MD
    Associate Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
    Baltimore, Maryland
    Medical Director
    Maternal Fetal Medicine
    Sibley Memorial Hospital
    Johns Hopkins Medicine
    Washington, DC
  • J. Chase Findley, MD
    Assistant Professor
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Joel J. Heidelbaugh, MD, FAAFP, FACG
    Clinical Professor
    Departments of Family Medicine and Urology
    Medical Student Education and Clerkship Director
    Department of Family Medicine
    Director
    Patients and Populations Branch
    University of Michigan Medical School
    Ann Arbor, Michigan
  • Louise P. King, MD, JD, FACOG
    Assistant Professor
    Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
    Director of Reproductive Ethics, Center for Bioethics
    Harvard Medical School
    Associate Director
    Fellowship in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery
    Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
    Boston, Massachusetts
  • Gerald V. Naccarelli, MD
    Bernard Trabin Chair in Cardiology
    Professor of Medicine
    Chief, Division of Cardiology
    Associate Clinical Director, HVI
    Heart and Vascular Institute
    Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
    Penn State Health
    Hershey, Pennsylvania
  • Dana Rice, MD
    Staff Physician
    Nursery Medical Director
    Department of Pediatrics
    Titus Regional Medical Center
    Mount Pleasant, Texas
  • Jessica Sandoval, MD
    Assistant Clinical Professor
    Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
    San Antonio, Texas
  • Tiffany A. Moore Simas, MD, MPH, MEd
    Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Quantitative
    Health Sciences
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    University of Massachusetts Medical School
    UMass Memorial Health Care
    Worcester, Massachusetts
  • Erin Furr Stimming, MD
    Associate Professor, Neurology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Jeena Varghese, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Endocrinology
    MD Anderson Cancer Center
    Houston, Texas
  • Eric J. Wagner, PhD
    Associate Professor
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
    Galveston, Texas
  • Case 1 - Anaphylaxis Case Study
    Approach to Dyspnea /Anaphylaxis
    William H. Goodson, MD
    Emergency Medicine Resident Physician
    Highland Hospital - Alameda Health System
    Oakland, California

    Barry Simon, MD
    Professor of Emergency Medicine
    Department of Emergency Medicine
    University of California
    San Francisco, California
    Chairman
    Department of Emergency Medicine
    Highland General Hospital
    Oakland, California
  • Case 2 - Antiphospholipid syndrome Case Study
    Approach to thromboembolism /Antiphospholipid syndrome
    Amer Wahed, MD, FRCPath
    Vice Chair
    Clinical Pathology
    Medical Director
    Memorial Hermann Hospital, TMC Laboratory
    Associate Professor
    Associate Program Director
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 3 - Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura Case Study
    Approach to thrombocytopenia /Immune thrombocytopenia purpura
    Amer Wahed, MD, FRCPath
    Vice Chair
    Clinical Pathology
    Medical Director
    Memorial Hermann Hospital, TMC Laboratory
    Associate Professor
    Associate Program Director
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 4 - Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) Case Study
    Approach to immunodeficiency /common variable immunodeficiency
    Jeffrey K. Actor, PhD
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 5 - Hemophilia Case Study
    Approach to bleeding/hemophilia
    Brian Castillo, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 6 – Iron deficiency anemia Case Study
    Approach to fatigue/Anemia
    Maha B. Lund, DHSc, PA-C, DFAAPA
    Program Director
    Associate Professor
    Emory University School of Medicine
    Atlanta, Georgia
    Allan Platt, PA-C, MMSc
    Physician Assistant Program
    Emory University School of Medicine
    Atlanta, Georgia
  • Case 7 – Sickle Cell Anemia Case Study
    Approach to dyspnea/Sickle cell disease
    Brian Castillo, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 8 - Acute lymphocytic leukemia Case Study
    Approach to fatigue/Acute leukemia
    Graham Segal, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Family Medicine and Pathology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 9 – Autism spectrum disorder Case Study
    Approach to developmental delay/Autism spectrum disorder
    Amalia Guardiola, MD
    Director
    Pediatric Medical Student Education
    Division of Community and General Pediatrics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Emma A. Omoruyi, MD, MPH
    Associate Professor
    Department of Pediatrics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 10 -– Anorexia nervosa Case Study
    Approach to amenorrhea/Anorexia nervosa
    Russell Edwards, MD
    Core Teaching Faculty
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    Houston Methodist Hospital
    Houston, Texas

    Aaron Roberts, MD
    Resident Physician
    Houston Methodist Hospital
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 11 – Major Depressive Disorder Case Study
    Approach to major depressive disorder
    K. Davis Baylan, MD
    Solo Psychiatrist
    Warrior Transition Unit
    Fort Hood, Texas
  • Case 12 - Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Case Study
    Approach to poor school performance/Attention deficit-Hyperactivity disorder
    Abby Geltemeyer, MD
    Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
    Department of Pediatrics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 13 - Alcohol Withdrawal; Delirium Tremens Case Study
    Approach to agitation/Alcohol withdrawal
    Nancy Simon, MD, MPH
    Clinical Associate Professor
    General Internal Medicine
    University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington

    Meagan Williams, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Internal Medicine
    University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington
  • Case 14 - General Anxiety Disorder Case Study
    Approach to palpitations/General anxiety disorder
    Derek Neal, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Associate Training Director
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
    University of Texas Medical Branch
    Galveston, Texas
  • Case 15 - TIA/Stroke Case Study
    Approach to weakness/TIA & Stroke
    Andrew Huffer, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Neurology
    University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington

    James F. Wang, MD
    Vascular Neurology Fellow
    Department of Neurology
    University of Washington School of Medicine
    Seattle, Washington
  • Case 16 - Giant cell arteritis Case Study
    Approach to Headache/Giant cell arteritis
    Megha Shankar, MD
    Internal Medicine Resident Physician
    Department of Medicine
    University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington

    Nancy Simon, MD, MPH
    Clinical Associate Professor
    General Internal Medicine
    University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington
  • Case 17 - Dizziness and Vertigo Case Study
    Approach to Vertigo
    Ronda E. Alexander, MD, FACS
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 18 – HSV Meningitis Case Study
    Approach to Headache/Meningitis
    Edward S. Johnson, MD
    Senior Attending and Consultant in Infectious Diseases
    Consultant
    Panel Member of the Wound Care Center
    Clara Maass Medical Center
    Belleville, New Jersey

    Manuel Suarez, MD, FACP, FACCP
    Program Director
    Internal Medicine Residency Program
    Westchester General Hospital
    Miami, Florida
    Administrative Director
    Medical Education Services
    Office of International Affairs
    Associate Dean of Certificate Program Clinical Medicine
    Associate Professor of Medicine
    Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine
    Florida International University
    Miami, Florida
  • Case 19 - Multiple Sclerosis Case Study
    Approach to Diplopia/Multiple Sclerosis
    Leorah Freeman, MD, PhD
    Assistant Professor of Neurology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 20 - Febrile Seizure Case Study
    Approach to Seizure/Febrile Seizure
    Hilary E. Fairbrother, MD, MPH, FACEP
    Associate Professor
    Director
    Undergraduate Medical Education
    Department of Emergency Medicine
    Assistant Director of Doctoring Course
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Audrey Bree Tse, MD
    Assistant Clinical Professor
    Director of Undergraduate Medical Education
    Department of Emergency Medicine
    NYU Langone Health
    New York, New York
  • Case 21 - Alzheimer disease Case Study
    Approach to dementia/Alzheimer disease
    David H. Hunter, MD
    Assistant Professor, Neurology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Erin Furr Stimming, MD
    Associate Professor, Neurology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 22 - Huntington’s disease Case Study
    Approach to movement disorders/ Huntington’s disease
    Gary T. Buckholz, MD
    Clinical Professor
    Department of Hospice and Palliative Medicine
    University of California at, San Diego School of Medicine
    San Diego, California

    Ali Mendelson, MD
    Fellow
    Department of Hospice and Palliative Medicine
    University of California at San Diego School of Medicine
    San Diego, California
  • Case 23 - Altered Mental Status/Anticholinergic Toxicity Case Study
    Approach to delirium/ Anticholinergic toxicity
    Ciara Barclay-Buchanan, MD, FACEP
    Associate Vice Chair of Clinical Practice Management
    BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
    University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
    VA Emergency Medicine Service Chief
    William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital
    Madison, Wisconsin

    Aaron Kraut, MD
    Associate Residency Program Director
    Assistant Professor (CHS)
    BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
    University of Wisconsin
    School of Medicine and Public Health
    Madison, Wisconsin
  • Case 24 - Prolapsed nucleus pulposis Case Study
    Approach to back pain/Herniated nucleus pulposus
    Karen A. Newell, MMSc, PA-C, DFAAPA
    Assistant Professor
    Director of Didactic Education
    Physician Assistant Program
    Department of Family and Preventive Medicine
    Emory University School of Medicine
    Atlanta, Georgia
  • Case 25 - Myasthenia gravis Case Study
    Approach to weakness/myasthenia gravis
    Rajeel Imran, MD
    Neurology Resident
    Houston Neurological Institute
    Houston, Texas

    Ericka Simpson, MD
    Associate Professor
    Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Medicine Case Study
    Houston Neurological Institute
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 26 - Herpes zoster Case Study
    Approach to painful rash/herpes zoster
    Vinod E. Nambudiri, MD, MBA
    Attending Physician
    Department of Dermatology
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital
    Harvard Medical School
    Boston, Massachusetts
  • Case 27 - Necrotizing skin infections Case Study
    Approach to soft tissue infections/Necrotizing fasciitis
    Vinod E. Nambudiri, MD, MBA
    Attending Physician
    Department of Dermatology
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital
    Harvard Medical School
    Boston, Massachusetts
  • Case 28 - Steven Johnson Syndrome, TEN Case Study
    Approach to bullous rashes/Steven Johnson Syndrome & Toxic epidermal necrolysis
    Vinod E. Nambudiri, MD, MBA
    Attending Physician
    Department of Dermatology
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital
    Harvard Medical School
    Boston, Massachusetts
  • Case 29 - Atopic dermatitis Case Study
    Approach to pediatric rashes/Atopic dermatitis
    Vinod E. Nambudiri, MD, MBA
    Attending Physician
    Department of Dermatology
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital
    Harvard Medical School
    Boston, Massachusetts
  • Case 30 - Osteogenesis imperfecta Case Study
    Approach to congenital bone disorders/ osteogenesis imperfecta
    Myla Ashfaq, MS, CGC
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Pediatrics
    Division of Medical Genetics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Hope Northrup, MD
    Professor
    Department of Pediatrics
    Division of Medical Genetics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 31 - Rhabdomyolysis Case Study
    Approach to acute renal insufficiency /rhabdomyolysis
    Kinjal Changela, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Internal Medicine
    Baylor St. Luke’s Medical Center
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 32 - Systemic lupus erythematosus Case Study
    Approach to joint pain /systemic lupus erythematosus
    Phyllis MacGilvray, MD, FAAFP
    Associate Professor
    Vice Chair of Academics
    Department of Family Medicine
    Greenville Health System
    Greenville School of Medicine
    University of South Carolina
    Greenville, South Carolina
  • Case 33 - Gout Case Study
    Approach to painful arthritis/Acute Gout
    Jammie Barnes, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Medicine
    Division of Rheumatology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Sarah Kazzaz, MD
    Former Fellow in Rheumatology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 34 - Supraventricular tachycardia, WPW Case Study
    Approach to tachycardia /Supraventricular tachycardia
    Anne Hamilton Dougherty, MD, FACC, FHRS, FAHA
    Professor of Medicine
    Director
    Cardiac Electrophysiology Fellowship
    Vice President
    Human Research Protection Programs
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 35 - MI related complications Case Study
    Approach to MI related complications /Aneurysm rupture
    Robin Jacob, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Internal Medicine
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Jennifer L. Swails, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Program Director
    Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 36 - Pericarditis Case Study
    Approach to chest pain/Pericarditis
    Ildiko Agoston, MD, FACC, FASE
    Charles Conrad Brown and Anna Sahm Brown Distinguished Professor in Cardiovascular
    Disease
    Department of Medicine
    Division of Cardiology
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
    San Antonio, Texas

    Ripa Chakravorty, MD, MBBS, MHS
    Assistant Professor, Clinical
    Janey and Dolph Briscoe Division of Cardiology
    Department of Medicine
    University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
    San Antonio, Texas
  • Case 37 - Claudication Case Study
    Approach to leg pain/claudication
    Monique M. Williams, MD, MSCI
    Medical Director—St. Louis
    VITAS Healthcare—St. Louis
    St. Louis, Missouri
  • Case 38 - Congestive heart failure Case Study
    Approach to Dyspnea/Congestive Heart Failure
    Salman A. Arain, MD, FACC, FSCAI
    Associate Professor of Medicine
    Department of Cardiology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    David S. Loose, PhD
    Associate Professor
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 39 - Cyanotic heart disease Case Study
    Approach to the cyanotic newborn/ cyanotic heart disease
    Cynthia L. Blanco, MD
    Professor of Pediatrics
    Department of Pediatrics
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
    San Antonio, Texas

    Tyia Clark, BS
    Former Medical Student
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
    San Antonio, Texas
  • Case 40 - Ventricular septal defect Case Study
    Approach to congenital heart disease/Ventricular septal defect
    Hannah Smith, MD
    Assistant Professor of Pediatric Emergency Medicine
    Department of Emergency Medicine
    Memorial Hermann Children’s Hospital
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 41 - Aortic dissection, Marfan's Case Study
    Approach to chest pain/Aortic dissection in Marfan's syndrome
    Wei Guo, MD
    Clinical Instructor
    Department of Family and Community Medicine
    Tulane University School of Medicine
    New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Case 42 - Pheochromocytoma Case Study
    Approach to endocrine causes of hypertension/ Pheochromocytoma & Primary
    Hyperaldosteronism
    Reem Al-Dallal, MD
    Clinical Fellow of Endocrinology
    Department of Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Kelly Wirfel, MD
    Associate Professor of Medicine, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 43 – Cranial Nerve Anatomy Case Study
  • Case 44 - Acute coronary syndrome Case Study
    Approach to chest pain/Acute coronary syndrome
    Mouin S. Abdallah, MD, MHCM, MSc, FACC, FASNC
    Medical Director
    Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
    Center for Complex Coronary Interventions
    Cleveland Clinic
    Assistant Professor of Medicine
    Case Western Reserve University
    Cleveland, Ohio
  • Case 45 - Hemorrhagic shock Case Study
    Approach to hypotension/ Hemorrhagic shock
    Sasha D. Adams, MD
    Professor of Surgery
    Student Clerkship Director
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 46 -– Rheumatic heart disease Case Study
    Approach to valvular heart disease/Rheumatic heart disease
    Eugene C. Toy, MD
    Assistant Dean for Educational Programs
    Distinguished Teaching Professor of the University of Texas System
    Professor and Vice Chair of Medical Education
    Department of Obstetrics &and Gynecology
    McGovern Medical School at UTHealth in Houston, TX
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 47 - Tuberculosis Case Study
    Approach to chronic cough/Tuberculosis
    Jeffrey K. Actor, PhD
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 48 - Pulmonary embolism Case Study
    Approach to dyspnea/Pulmonary embolism
    Ciara Barclay-Buchanan, MD, FACEP
    Associate Vice Chair of Clinical Practice Management
    BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
    University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
    VA Emergency Medicine Service Chief
    William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital
    Madison, Wisconsin

    Christopher Vandivort, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Emergency Medicine
    University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics
    Madison, Wisconsin
  • Case 49 - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Case Study
    Approach to chronic cough/COPD
    Bindu Akkanti, MD
    Medical Director
    Heart and Lung Transplant Intensive Care Unit
    Divisions of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Kha Dinh, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 50 – Restrictive Lung Disease Case Study
    Approach to chronic dyspnea/Restrictive lung disease
    Uma Munnur, MD
    Professor
    Department of Anesthesiology
    Baylor College of Medicine
    Houston, Texas

    Ana Lisa Ramirez-Chapman, MD
    Director of Obstetric Anesthesia
    Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital
    Houston, Texas
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Anesthesiology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 51 - Opiate overdose Case Study
    Approach to hypoventilation/Opiate overdose
    Katherine Normand, MD
    Associate Professor
    Department of Anesthesiology
    Medical Director
    Surgical and Clinical Skills Center
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 52 - Obstructive sleep apnea Case Study
    Approach to morbid obesity/Obstructive sleep apnea
    Kanta Velamuri, MD, MEd
    Associate Professor of Medicine
    Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Section
    Department of Medicine
    Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center
    Baylor College of Medicine
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 53 - Cystic Fibrosis Case Study
    Approach to recurrent pneumonia/ Cystic Fibrosis
    Bindu Akkanti, MD
    Medical Director
    Heart and Lung Transplant Intensive Care Unit
    Divisions of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Kha Dinh, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 54 - Pneumonia, immunocompromised Case Study
    Approach to pneumonia/Immune suppression with splenectomy
    Julie Grishaw, MSN, RN, ACNP-C, CCRN
    Lead NP
    Medical Intensive Care Unit
    UVA Medical Center
    Charlotte, Virginia
  • Case 55 - Asthma Case Study
    Approach to acute dyspnea/Asthma
    Mark T. Warner, MD
    Assistant Professor of Medicine
    Department of Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 56 - HIV pneumonia Case Study
    Approach to HIV infection
    Prathit A. Kulkarni, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Infectious Diseases Section
    Department of Medicine
    Baylor College of Medicine
    Assistant Chief of Medicine
    Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center
    Houston, Texas

    Stacey R. Rose, MD, FACP
    Assistant Professor
    Infectious Diseases Section
    Director of Clinical Sciences Curriculum
    Wellness Director
    Residency Program in Internal Medicine
    Baylor College of Medicine
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 57 - Inflammatory bowel disease Case Study
    Approach to chronic diarrhea/inflammatory bowel disease
    Mamoun Younes, MD, FCAP, AGAF
    Professor of Pathology
    Director
    Gastrointestinal and Liver Pathology Service
    Medical Director
    Outreach Histology Laboratory
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 58 - Hepatitis Case Study
    Approach to jaundice/Acute hepatitis
    Nancy Simon, MD, MPH
    Clinical Associate Professor
    General Internal Medicine
    University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington

    Meagan Williams, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Internal Medicine
    University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington
  • Case 59 - Diverticulitis Case Study
    Approach to abdominal pain/Diverticulitis
    Emily Miraflor, MD
    Assistant Professor of Surgery
    University of California
    Associate Program Director
    University of California, San Francisco-East Bay Residency
    San Francisco, California

    Barnard Palmer, MD, MEd
    Associate Professor of Surgery
    Program Director of the University of California
    San Francisco-East Bay Residency
    University of California
    San Francisco, California
  • Case 60 - Colonic polyp, colon cancer Case Study
    Approach to colonic polyps and colorectal cancer
    Karen A. Newell, MMSc, PA-C, DFAAPA
    Assistant Professor
    Director of Didactic Education
    Physician Assistant Program
    Department of Family and Preventive Medicine
    Emory University School of Medicine
    Atlanta, Georgia
  • Case 61 -– Painless jaundice Case Study
    Approach to painless jaundice/ Pancreatic cancer
    Jessica Campbell, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 62 - Pancreatitis Case Study
    Approach to acute pancreatitis/gall stone disease
    Emily Miraflor, MD
    Assistant Professor of Surgery
    University of California
    Associate Program Director
    University of California, San Francisco-East Bay Residency
    San Francisco, California

    Barnard Palmer, MD, MEd
    Associate Professor of Surgery
    Program Director of the University of California
    San Francisco-East Bay Residency
    University of California
    San Francisco, California
  • Case 63 – Infectious diarrhea Case Study
    Approach to acute diarrhea in a child
    Sheena Gupta, MD, MBA
    Pediatric Hospital Medicine Post-Doctoral Fellow
    Baylor College of Medicine
    Texas Children’s Hospital
    Houston, Texas

    Lucila Marquez, MD, MPH
    Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
    Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
    Baylor College of Medicine
    Texas Children’s Hospital
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 64 - Maple syrup urine disease Case Study
    Approach to neonatal lethargy/Maple syrup urine disease
    Phillip Carpenter, PhD
    Associate Professor of Biochemistry
    Department of Biochemistry
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 65 - Phenylketonuria (PKU) Case Study
    Approach to developmental delay/Phenylketonuria
    Phillip Carpenter, PhD
    Associate Professor of Biochemistry
    Department of Biochemistry
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 66 - Niemann Pick disease Case Study
    Approach to developmental delay/lipid storage disorders
    Phillip Carpenter, PhD
    Associate Professor of Biochemistry
    Department of Biochemistry
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 67 - Fetal renal agenesis Case Study
    Approach to congenital anomalies/fetal renal agenesis
    Chi Dola, MD, MPH
    Associate Professor
    Residency Program Director
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    Tulane School of Medicine
    New Orleans, Louisiana

    Amanda Johnson, MD
    Fellow, Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    Medical College of Wisconsin
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin
  • Case 68 - Post-infectious glomerulonephritis Case Study
    Approach to glomerulonephritis/Post-infectious glomerulonephritis
    Gerardo E. Guiter, MD
    Adjunct Assistant Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    Department of Medical Education
    Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar
    Doha, Qatar

    Vignesh Shanmugam, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Pathology
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital
    Boston, Massachusetts
  • Case 69 - Lung cancer, paraneoplastic syndrome Case Study
    Approach to paraneoplastic syndromes
    Monique M. Williams, MD, MSCI
    Medical Director—St. Louis
    VITAS Healthcare—St. Louis
    St. Louis, Missouri
  • Case 70 - Acute kidney injury Case Study
    Approach to acute kidney injury
    Linh My Thi Nguyen, MD, MEd, EdD
    Medical Director of Palliative Care Services
    Kindred Hospital Houston Medical Center
    Attending Physician
    Lyndon B. Johnson General Hospital
    Attending Physician
    Memorial Hermann Cancer Center-Texas Medical Center
    Associate Professor of Palliative Medicine
    Department of Internal Medicine
    Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 71 – Kidney Transplant Case Study
  • Case 72 - Wilm tumor Case Study
    Approach to pediatric abdominal mass/Wilm tumor
    Paul Hillman, MD, PhD
    Resident Physician—Pediatrics and Medical Genetics
    Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Julia Shelburne, MD
    Senior Faculty
    Medical Director, Section of Pediatric Hospital Medicine
    Department of Pediatrics
    Baylor College of Medicine
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 73 - Postpartum psychosis Case Study
    Approach to postpartum mood disorders/Postpartum psychosis
    Jenny Duret-Uzodinma, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Residency Program Director
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Services
    Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital
    Houston, Texas

    J. Chase Findley, MD
    Assistant Professor
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 74 – Patient refusal of treatment Case Study
    Approach to maternal-fetal ethics
    Sarah M. Page-Ramsey, MD
    Associate Professor
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
    San Antonio, Texas
  • Case 75 - Parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy Case Study
    Approach to intrauterine infection/Parvovirus infection in utero
    Kimberly A. Pilkinton, MD, MPH, FACOG
    Associate Professor
    Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 76 - Down syndrome Case Study
    Approach to Down syndrome
    Laura S. Farach, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Pediatrics
    Division of Medical Genetics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Children’s Memorial Hermann Hospital
    Houston, Texas

    Hope Northrup, MD
    Professor
    Department of Pediatrics
    Division of Medical Genetics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 77 - Neural tube defect Case Study
    Approach to fetal anomalies/neural tube defect
    Patrick S. Ramsey, MD, MSPH
    Professor
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio
    San Antonio, Texas

    Tania Roman, MD, MPH
    Maternal Fetal Medicine Fellow
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
    San Antonio, Texas
  • Case 78 - Polycystic ovarian syndrome Case Study
    Approach to menstrual disorders/Polycystic ovarian syndrome
    Seine Chiang, MD
    Professor and Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Director
    Chief, Division of UWMC Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialists
    University of Washington
    Seattle, Washington
  • Case 79 – Cervical Cancer Case Study
    Approach to cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer
    Petra Casey, MD, FACOG
    Associate Professor
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    Mayo Clinic
    Rochester, Minnesota
  • Case 80 - Contraception Case Study
    Approach to contraception
    Sara Holcombe, DO
    Assistant Professor
    Clerkship Director
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 81 - Breast cancer, genetic cancer syndromes Case Study
    Approach to breast cancer/BRCA mutation
    Vijaya Galic, MD, MBA, FACOG
    Assistant Professor and Division Chief
    Department of Gynecologic Oncology
    Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso
    El Paso, Texas

    Stephanie Mishaw, MPH, MD
    Resident Physician
    Paul L. Foster School of Medicine
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    Texas Tech University Health Science Center
    El Paso, Texas
  • Case 82 – Ovarian cancer Case Study
    Approach to ovarian cancer
    Rosa Guerra, MD
    Former Resident Physician
    Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
    Division of Gynecologic Oncology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Elizabeth Nugent, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
    Division of Gynecologic Oncology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 83 - Pneumonia, gall bladder, appendicitis Case Study
    Approach to imaging modalities
  • Case 84 - Benign prostatic hypertrophy Case Study
    Approach to urinary retention/Benign prostatic hypertrophy
    Nicole L. Miller, MD
    Associate Professor
    Department of Urology
    Vanderbilt University Medical Center
    Nashville, Tennessee

    Peter A. Reisz, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Urology
    Vanderbilt University Medical Center
    Nashville, Tennessee
  • Case 85 - Testicular cancer Case Study
    Approach to scrotal mass/Testicular cancer
    Elizabeth Green, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Urologic Surgery
    Vanderbilt University Medical Center
    Nashville, Tennessee

    Kristen R. Scarpato, MD, MPH
    Assistant Professor of Urology
    Residency Program Director
    Department of Urology
    Vanderbilt University Medical Center
    Nashville, Tennessee
  • Case 86 - Syphilis Case Study
    Approach to penile mass/syphilis
    Elizabeth T. Brown, MD, MPH
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Urology
    MedStar Georgetown University Hospital
    Washington, DC

    Filipe LF Carvalho, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Urology
    MedStar Georgetown University Hospital
    Washington, DC
  • Case 87 - Type 2 diabetes Case Study
    Approach to type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Didi Ebert, DO, MPH, FAAFP
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Family Medicine
    University of North Texas Health Science Center
    Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine
    Fort Worth, Texas

    Sara Wettergreen, PharmD, BCACP
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Clinical Pharmacy
    University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
    Aurora, Colorado
  • Case 88 - Type 1 diabetes, Diabetic ketoacidosis Case Study
    Approach to diabetic ketoacidosis/ Type 1 diabetes mellitus
    Salima Ali, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Internal Medicine
    Division of Endocrinology
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Karla Bermudez Saint Andrew, MD
    Former Resident in Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 89 - Sarcoidosis Case Study
    Approach to hyponatremia/Syndrome of inappropriate ADH
    Yvonne Covin, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General and Hospital Medicine
    Long School of Medicine
    University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
    San Antonio, Texas
  • Case 90 - Oosteoporosis Case Study
    Approach to osteoporosis
    Robert D. Blank, MD, PhD
    Professor of Medicine and Chief
    Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition
    Medical College of Wisconsin
    Hub for Collaborative Medicine
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin

    Joseph L. Shaker, MD
    Clinical Professor of Medicine
    Department of Endocrinology
    Hospital Medical College of Wisconsin
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin
  • Case 91 - Adrenal insufficiency Case Study
    Approach to lightheadedness/Adrenal insufficiency
    Salima Ali, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Internal Medicine
    Division of Endocrinology
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Nitya Kumar, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 92 - Hyperparathyroidism Case Study
    Approach to hyperparathyroidism
    Robert D. Blank, MD, PhD
    Professor of Medicine and Chief
    Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition
    Medical College of Wisconsin
    Hub for Collaborative Medicine
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin

    Joseph L. Shaker, MD
    Clinical Professor of Medicine
    Department of Endocrinology
    Hospital Medical College of Wisconsin
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin
  • Case 93 - precocious puberty Case Study
    Approach to precocious puberty
    Shelley A. Tischkau, PhD
    Associate Professor
    Department of Pharmacology
    Associate Professor
    Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology
    Associate Professor
    Department of Medical Education
    Director
    Pharmacology and Neuroscience Graduate Program
    Chair
    Educational Policy Council
    Chair
    Laboratory Animal Care and Use Committee
    Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
    Springfield, Illinois
  • Case 94 - End of Life Care, Advanced directive Case Study
    Approach to end of life care
    Brandon Cantazaro, MD
    Associate Program Director
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Internal Medicine
    The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine
    Internal Medicine Residency Program
    Edinburg, Texas

    John Cha, MD
    Resident Physician - Internal Medicine
    The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine
    Edinburg, Texas

    Andrew Neal Dentino, MD, FACP, AGSF, FAPA, FAAHPM
    Professor and Founding Chair
    Department of Medicine
    Associate Dean for Interprofessional Education
    University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine
    Edinburg, Texas
  • Case 95 - Hhealth maintenance Case Study
    Approach to health maintenance
    Joel J. Heidelbaugh, MD, FAAFP, FACG
    Clinical Professor
    Departments of Family Medicine and Urology
    Medical Student Education and Clerkship Director
    Department of Family Medicine
    Director
    Patients and Populations Branch
    University of Michigan Medical School
    Ann Arbor, Michigan
  • Case 96 – Smoking Cessation Case Study
    Approach to tobacco use
    Anthony Igbadumhe, MD
    Resident Physician
    Department of Family and Community Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Amber Zulfiqar, MD
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Family and Community Medicine
    Associate Program Director
    Geriatric Medicine Fellowship, Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 97 - Interprofessional care Case Study
    Approach to interprofessional care
    Terrence H. Liu, MD, MPH
    Physician and Surgeon
    Department of Surgery
    Sutter East Bay Medical Group
    Oakland, California
  • Case 98 - Communication, disclosure Case Study
    Approach to medical error and disclosure
    Pamela Galowitz, BA
    Program Manager
    Center for Professionalism and Peer Support
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital
    Boston, Massachusetts

    Jo Shapiro, MD
    Director
    Center for Professionalism and Peer Support
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital
    Associate Professor of Otolaryngology
    Harvard Medical School
    Boston, Massachusetts
  • Case 99 - Patient safety, sentinel event Case Study
    Approach to patient safety
    Melanie Allison, DNP, MSN, RN, ACNP-BC
    Senior Editorial Specialist
    McGraw Hill Education
    New York, New York
  • Case 100 - Abuse head trauma Case Study
    Approach to neonatal seizure/ Abusive Head Trauma
    Gency S. Abraham, MD
    Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Michelle S. Barratt, MD, MPH
    Professor of Pediatrics
    Department of Pediatrics
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 101 - Hypothyroidism Case Study
    Approach to hypothyroidism
    Masha Resman, MD
    Former Fellow in Endocrinology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Kelly Wirfel, MD
    Associate Professor of Medicine, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 102 - Hyperthyroidism Case Study
    Approach to hyperthyroidism/Grave’s disease
    Marc Cillo, MD
    Endocrinologist
    Department of Endocrinology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Kelly Wirfel, MD
    Associate Professor of Medicine, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 103 - Hyperaldosteronism Case Study
    Approach to endocrine causes of hypertension/ Pheochromocytoma & Primary
    Hyperaldosteronism
    Reem Al-Dallal, MD
    Clinical Fellow of Endocrinology
    Department of Internal Medicine
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Kelly Wirfel, MD
    Associate Professor of Medicine, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
  • Case 104 – Disorder of Sexual Development Case Study
  • Case 105 - Acromegaly Case Study
    Approach to anterior pituitary disorders/Acromegaly
    Muhammad Omar Salim, DO
    Fellow in Endocrinology
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas

    Kelly Wirfel, MD
    Associate Professor of Medicine, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism
    McGovern Medical School
    The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
    Houston, Texas
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